When Is It Possible to Challenge an NCDRC Order by Filing a Review Petition?
Getting an order passed against you by the National Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission (“NCDRC”) can be intimidating, to say the least. More so if you are a consumer, homebuyer, a business or a service provider facing an unfavourable order from the NCDRC.
The homebuyer believes that the Commission overlooked a key computation. The insured thinks he has found a glaring perusal error in the order. The company believes the Commission has mis-recorded a fact which was admitted by the complainant, while passing the order on compensation.
Now comes the matter of remedies. Can the order passed by NCDRC be reviewed?
Section 60 of the Consumer Protection Act, 2019 (“Act”) vests the National Commission with the power to review any order. But this power can only be exercised if, “an error is apparent on the face of the record”. Moreover, the party seeking review is required to, as a general rule, submit an application for review within 30 days of the date of the order.
Review petition cannot be used to try your entire case on a consumer dispute again.
The purpose of a review petition is limited. You need to point out an apparent error which would enable the Commission to review its order, so far as its powers under the statute are concerned.
Reasonable men and business owners based in Delhi, Ghaziabad, Noida, Gurugram, Faridabad, Mumbai, Bengaluru or anywhere else in India must know how review petitions differ from appeals. They are different laws.
Consult BK Singh Advocate regarding the order of NCDRC passed against you, grounds of challenge and the appropriate remedy available to you under the law.
It doesn’t matter if those are orders related to defective goods, deficiency in services, insurance claims, real estate disputes or any other dispute which falls under the jurisdiction of NCDRC, you can always reach out to NCDRC Lawyers and have your consumer dispute order reviewed by a lawyer.
Why Do NCDRC Review Petitions Matter in India in 2026?
Consumer complaints contain thousands of dollars. Contracts spanning decades worth of documents.
The apartment dispute has a development agreement, payment plan, possession promises ect. Years of correspondence.
Medical insurance claims have policy language, claim notes, medical reports or expense documents.
An Obvious Error On a decree can affect the parties rights and duties.
Just because a party is mad about a decision, doesn’t mean there is ground for review.
Especially important if a party is near a statute of limitations deadline.
Filing a frivolous review application wastes time instead of filing for the proper remedy.
BK Singh Advocate can help determine if the issue you’re inquiring about would pertain to; an obvious error, material issue or maybe even another lawsuit.
Quick Facts About NCDRC Review Petitions
- Review petition:
- Governing provision: Section 65 of Consumer Protection Act, 2019.
- Competent forum: NCDRC
- Ground of Review: Manifest error apparent on the face of the record.
- Timely filing: Review petition shall be filed within 30 days of NCDRC order.
- Applicant: The review can be sought by a party to the proceeding. Commission can file review petition by suo moto.
- Nature: Reviews are filed for limited purpose of reconsideration of error apparent on face of the record and not for complete re-hearing.
Note: A review petition is not a stay of operation of order passed and does not extend the time limit for filing an independent appeal.
What Does Section 60 of the Consumer Protection Act, 2019 Provide?
Section 60 enables the National Commission to review any order made by it where the there is an error apparent on the record. National Commission may use that power either on its own motion or based on an application received from the parties within 30 days from the date of order.
The provision is not construed to grant an unfettered right to a reopening of the hearing.
Statutorily, the permission to seek a review is premised upon the discovery of an error apparent on the face of the record.
Sometimes, an error could be discernible from a document which is accepted by parties as not being in dispute; a manifest calculation; or a patent contradiction within the order.
If the error complained of would entail scrutiny of the competing inference of evidence or re-evaluation of evidence which is in dispute then such complaints would fall outside the scope of this limited review.
BK Singh Advocate can help the review applicants in pointing out the specific findings of fact and documents pertaining to the grounds of review they intend to rely upon.
Review application must be confined to issues/legal points. Review is not reconduct of the original complaint or appeal.
When Is an NCDRC Review Petition Usually Not Maintainable?
The purpose of a review petition is not to allow the parties to re-litigate the entire case, seek a second chance at appreciation of evidence or raise arguments they should have made at trial.
Typically troublesome grounds include disappointment with the amount of compensation awarded, disagreement with findings as to witness credibility and attempts to replace the Commission’s well reasoned finding with one that the petitioner prefers.
Disagreement with the order simply described as an error apparent will not convert review into an appeal by the party requesting it.
For instance, a builder may argue that the Commission placed too much reliance upon evidence presented by a homebuyer. Such an argument, without more, may not be a challenge to an error but rather a contention as to the merits of the decision.
Likewise, an insurer’s disagreement with how disputed policy terms were interpreted does not automatically entitle that party to review.
Let NCDRC Lawyers evaluate the order and the nature of the alleged error apparent on the face of record for the preliminary review.
BK Singh Advocate can review whether the circumstances as reflected in the record support the filing of a narrowly tailored Review Petition or perhaps the pursuit of another remedy.
What Is the Difference Between an NCDRC Review Petition and an Appeal?
When & Why to Prefer one to the other:
Review: Meaning literally “to look over again” – A Review is a request made to the very same Commission to review its order. The power to review is granted very narrowly by Statute. An appeal is a plea made to a higher forum to review an order under the appellate provisions applicable to the order.
| Issue : Prefer one over the other? | NCDRC entertains review petition | File an appeal or seek any other remedy |
|---|---|---|
| Main Objective | To correct an obvious mistake | To contest an order on all grounds available at law |
| Forum | The concerned Commission itself | Varies with the order & the applicable law |
| Scope | Very Limited | Varies with the remedy sought |
| Grounds | As provided under Section 60 | As provided under Section 67 or any other law applicable to the order |
| Limitation | 30 Days As provided under the remedy chosen | |
Can Every NCDRC Order Be Appealed to the Supreme Court?
No. Section 67 only deals with appeal to Supreme Court against certain orders passed by NCDRC in exercise of original jurisdiction conferred under Section 58(1)(a)(i) or (ii).
Section 67 does not deal with appeal to Supreme Court against all orders passed by NCDRC in exercise of its appellate jurisdiction.
The Supreme Court recently explained the difference in Ibrat Faizan v. Omaxe Buildhome Pvt. Ltd. (2022) while dealing with the issue of whether supervisory jurisdiction of High Court under Article 227 lies against an appellate order passed by NCDRC.
Whether such review or appeal or exercise of revisional or supervisory jurisdiction is available would depend on the nature of order and facts of the case. Whereas Section 67 is attracted, time limit for filing such appeal is ordinarily 30 days as per statutory provisions relating to condonation of delay and cost on account of such delay.
Consult BK Singh Advocate to find out whether review/appellate or any other remedy is available.
Which Documents Are Needed for an NCDRC Review Petition?
The review petition is expected to be backed by the record that is already available.
Typical documents which may be relied upon are:
- Order NCDRC order that is being challenged duly certified/authenticated, if necessary.
- Copies of complaint, appeal or revision pleadings upon which order is passed.
- Written arguments and documents, if any, already on record.
- Evidence, statement of payments or agreement record etc. related to the matter.
- Any prior procedural orders and hearing proceedings, if applicable.
- Any document that helps establish the particular "per obvious" error.
- Any other Authorization, affidavit and filing fee etc. as may be applicable.
Parties filing review should also mention the exact page number and paragraph from which the error is alleged to have occurred.
Fresh evidence or material is not really the object of review. Where a case is being made that depends on new material, the provisions of procedural law governing the same are applicable separately.
BK Singh Advocate can advise you on the documents that support your Review Petition before you file it.
How Is an NCDRC Review Petition Filed?
The impugned order, relied upon statute and the apparent error should be clearly set out in the proposed application.
The following are issues commonly dealt with in a review application.
Name of Order You Want Reviewed
The order including case number, date and language clearly identifying the portion of the order you want reviewed should be included in your application.
Vague and unsubstantiated statements that the order is unjust will not be sufficient to explain your ground for review.
Describe What You Believe is the Apparent Error
Explain to the Commission why the error you identified is apparent from the record. Identify and reference any specific portions of the order and any supporting documents you are relying on.
Identify the Relief You Seek
Your application should identify the relief sought whether it is correction, modification or some other form of review relief. Keep in mind that Section 60 and the nature of the error will dictate the allowable relief.
File Your Application Using the Appropriate NCDRC Procedures
Follow all NCDRC filing instructions and existing electronic filing protocols.
Once filed, the Commission will determine if the statutory requirements for review are met. Applications that essentially seek a rehearing will be dismissed.
BK Singh Advocate can help you assess potential grounds and draft an appropriately tailored application.
When Should You Consult an NCDRC Lawyer?
Legal advice should be sought right away if you just got an unfavourable order that you think clearly has an error. It's also wise to have it reviewed as soon as possible if the time limit is close, the order has contradictory statements, the calculation of damages is wrong or seems off, or if you're facing enforcement.
An attorney can review the exact error and advise you if you should have it reviewed.
NDRC Lawyers is here for those consumers and companies that require legal help with NCDRC related issues.
BK Singh Advocate can help review the order in question, find the relevant law and evaluate if the challenge you want to bring is tenable in a court of law.
How Can NCDRC Lawyers Help With Review Petition Matters?
NCDRC review petitions are based on a scrutiny of the order of the Commission and the record before it.
Advice may range from determination of maintainability, limitation, documentary evidence and the remedy sought.
Services depending on the terms of engagement may include examining the order under challenge, drafting a prayer specific application and appearing for the petitioner before the appropriate forum.
Individuals and enterprises located in Delhi NCR, UP, Haryana, Rajasthan, Maharashtra and elsewhere may find themselves in need of guidance with respect to NCDRC matters heard in New Delhi.
BK Singh Advocate can be reached to discuss issues particular to your case with respect to filing review petitions, consumer disputes orders and remedies available to you.
We wish to help you find out if there is an actionable ground for review instead of promoting frivolous review petitions.
Frequently Asked Questions
1. Are orders passed by NCDRC reviewable?
Reviews are dealt with in Section 60 of the Consumer Protection Act, 2019. If there is any error apparent on the face of the record, the National Commission may review any judgment/order made or passed by it.
2. Can wrong judgment be filed in NCDRC through review petition ?
You can only seek review for error apparent on the face of the record. You cannot file a Review Petition to challenge/try the whole judgment again.
3. What is the limitation for filing review petition in NCDRC ?
The Review Petition must be filed within 30 days from the date of the order.
4. Can new evidence be produced before NCDRC in review petition ?
The purpose of a review is to determine whether there is an error apparent on the face of the record. Therefore, one cannot try to bring new evidence on record through a review petition. But this would be better advised by a Lawyer after reviewing the facts of your case and the applicable law.
5. Can we file review petition after filing appeal in NCDRC ?
Whether a Review Petition would be maintainable if Appeal has already been filed or along with Appeal would entirely depend on the status of the Review Petition and Appeal and orders passed in both. You would need to consult a Lawyer for specific advice.
6. Can we file review petition against compensation orders granted by NCDRC ?
Yes, orders granting compensation can always be reviewed if there is error apparent on the face of the record.
7. Can a builder or insurance company file review petition in NCDRC ?
Any Party to proceedings before NCDRC can file a Review Petition as long as the requirements for filing a Review Petition are met. So yes, a builder or insurance company can file a Review Petition.
8. Is hearing confirmed on review petition filed in NCDRC ? Will I get relief through review petition ?
Yes. If you meet the conditions to file a Review Petition, the Commission will definitely hear you out on your Review Petition. But the Commission may dismiss your Review Petition without granting any relief if what you have asked for in the Review Petition is trying disputed issues again.
9. Does filing review petition in NCDRC against their orders extend the time limit to file appeal in Supreme Court?
No, filing a Review Petition will not extend the time limit to file an Appeal before Supreme Court. You would have to find out the time limit to file an Appeal in Supreme Court separately.
10. How to contact NCDRC review petition Lawyer in Delhi?
Click here to Contact BK Singh Advocate of NCDRC Lawyers. Please carry a copy of the order against which you want to file a review along with the original set of documents/papers you want to rely upon to prove that there is an error apparent on the face of the record in the order.
Final Thoughts
Because NCDRC order is unfavourable does not automatically mean you have grounds to file review petition against it. Aggrieved party can file application for relief under Section 60 of Consumer Protection Act, 2019 only if there is some obvious error apparent on the face of the record. Hence, it is essential to know the difference between what is apparent mistake and what is difference of opinion on merits. We recommend that consumers, homebuyers, insurance policyholders and businesses examine the order at the earliest and preserve all documents pertaining to the matter. Consumers can then assess whether a review petition, statutory appeal or application for review of ex parte order or some other remedy that is legally available to you suitably addresses your grievance. Our NCDRC Lawyers can connect you with BK Singh Advocate to handle your NCDRC review petition. He can guide you on the order passed, timeline within which you can file and documents that can support your proposed plea.
